晋南地区仰韶至东周时期人地关系研究          下载免费PDF全文

李拓宇  莫多闻  胡珂  王海斌  张翼飞  任小林 《古地理学报》2014,16(6):955-962

基于晋南地区全新世黄土剖面样品的光释光(OSL)测年和磁化率数据,恢复该区全新世以来的古温度和古降水,并结合该区仰韶至东周时期文化发展特性及各时期考古聚落在不同地貌类型上的分布比例,探讨晋南地区全新世以来环境演变与人类活动的关系。研究表明,仰韶早期和中期,气候较为暖湿,古土壤发育,利于文化的产生和发展。仰韶晚期气候由暖湿向温干转换,可能对文化发展有一定影响。龙山时期温度和降水较之前有所下降,但气候仍较现今暖湿,又因相对干旱的气候促使先民积聚在水源地附近,以及农业生产技术水平的不断进步,该时期文化快速繁荣发展。夏、商和西周时期气候持续干凉化,文化发展受到制约。东周时期气候仍然较干凉,但随着人类社会的发展和农业生产效率的提高,环境因素对文化的影响越来越小。晋南地区仰韶到东周时期聚落主要分布在耕作条件较好的冲积平原、台塬和山前倾斜平原上,在丘陵和山地上分布较少;随着气候的干凉化,仰韶到东周时期聚落在山前倾斜平原和台塬的分布比例有减小趋势,而在冲积平原的分布比例有增大趋势。  相似文献   

1961-2010年武威市气温日较差变化趋势及影响因子分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨晓玲  丁文魁  殷玉春  兰晓波 《中国沙漠》2014,34(1):225-232

利用1961-2010年武威市5个气象站逐日地面最高气温、最低气温及年平均气温、日照时数、蒸发量、降水量、相对湿度、平均风速等观测资料,运用趋势系数法系统分析了该区域近50年气温日较差的时空分布及强度特征,采用多元线性回归中的标准化回归系数分析了影响气温日较差的气象因子。结果表明：受天气系统、地形地貌以及海拔等影响,武威市气温日较差低海拔地区大于高海拔地区。各地年、年代气温日较差总体呈减小趋势,民勤县、古浪县的减小趋势尤为显著,年平均气温日较差的时间序列存在着6～8年的准周期变化;各季节气温日较差变化趋势不太一致,总体上呈减小趋势;月气温日较差变化也存在差异,除天祝藏族自治县外,3月和9月为两个低谷,4-6月和10月为两个高峰。年气温日较差极大值和极小值均呈减小趋势。年最高、最低气温均呈升高趋势,年气温日较差与年最高、最低气温呈相反的变化趋势,最低气温的快速升高和最高气温的缓慢升高是气温日较差减小的直接原因,最低气温显著升高的季节气温日较差的减小趋势更大。影响武威市气温日较差的主要因子是蒸发量、平均气温、平均风速、日照时数,关联性最强的是蒸发量,其次是平均气温,其中气温日较差与日照时数、蒸发量、相对湿度以及平均风速呈正相关,与平均气温和降水量呈负相关。影响各地气温日较差的主要因子有所不同。  相似文献   

Application of food waste based diets in polyculture of low trophic level fish: Effects on fish growth,water quality and plankton density     

Wing Yin Mo  Zhang Cheng  Wai Ming Choi  Yu Bon Man  Yihui Liu  Ming Hung Wong 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014

Food waste was collected from local hotels and fish feed pellets were produced for a 6 months long field feeding trial. Three types of fish feed pellets (control diet: Jinfeng® 613 formulated feed, contains mainly fish meal, plant product and fish oil; Diet A: food waste based diet without meat and 53% cereal; Diet B: food waste based diet with 25% meat and 28% cereal) were used in polyculture fish ponds to investigate the growth of fish (grass carp, bighead and mud carp), changes in water quality and plankton density. No significant differences in the levels of nitrogen and phosphorous compounds of water body were observed between 3 fish ponds after the half-year feeding trial, while pond receiving Diet A had the highest density of plankton. The food waste combination of Diet B seems to be a better formulation in terms of the overall performance on fish growth.  相似文献   

Effects of the modified Huanglian Jiedu decoction on the disease resistance in grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) to Lactococcus garvieae     

W.M. Choi  C.L. Lam  W.Y. Mo  Z. Cheng  N.K. Mak  Z.X. Bian  M.H. Wong 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014

Lactococcosis is prevalent on grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) in Hong Kong aquaculture resulting in serious economic loss. A compound formulation of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) (modified Huanglian Jiedu decoction (HLJDD)) comprising Rhizoma coptidis, Radix scutellaria, Cortex phellodendri, Fructus gardeniae, Fructus forsythiae and Flos lonicerae japonicae (in a ratio of 3:2:2:3:3:5) were applied as feed supplements to deal with the disease. The Nitroblue tetrazolium activity in blood, bactericidal activity and total immunoglobulin in plasma were significantly enhanced after feeding 1% of this TCM for 28 days. The disease resistances to Lactococcus garvieae in 1% and 2% TCM feeding groups were significantly enhanced. In the in vitro study, the modified HLJDD also activated the plasma bactericidal activities (p < 0.01). Based on this study, 1% modified HLJDD feeding for 28 days may be an optimal dose to prevent L. garvieae infection and could be used in aquaculture industries.  相似文献   

Verification of an ENSO-Based Long-Range Prediction of Anomalous Weather Conditions During the Vancouver 2010 Olympics and Paralympics     

Ruping Mo  Paul I. Joe  Chris Doyle  Paul H. Whitfield 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2014,171(1-2):323-336

A brief review of the anomalous weather conditions during the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games and the efforts to predict these anomalies based on some preceding El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signals are presented. It is shown that the Olympic Games were held under extraordinarily warm conditions in February 2010, with monthly mean temperature anomalies of +2.2 °C in Vancouver and +2.8 °C in Whistler, ranking respectively as the highest and the second highest in the past 30 years (1981–2010). The warm conditions continued, but became less anomalous, in March 2010 for the Paralympic Games. While the precipitation amounts in the area remained near normal through this winter, the lack of snow due to warm conditions created numerous media headlines and practical problems for the alpine competitions. A statistical model was developed on the premise that February and March temperatures in the Vancouver area could be predicted using an ENSO signal with considerable lead time. This model successfully predicted the warmer-than-normal, lower-snowfall conditions for the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics.  相似文献   

滨海盐碱地区包气带中淡水透镜体维持机理     

赵林  莫惠婷  郑义 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(1):195-201

大气降水是滨海盐碱地区浅层地下水的重要补给来源。滨海地区浅层地下水多为咸水且埋藏较浅,在不同包气带岩性渗透性差异下,在大气降水入渗补给过程中,一定时间内潜水面以上一定范围内存在淡水分布,即淡水透镜体,它能局部隔离地下咸水对上层土壤和植物的危害,并在一定程度上供给植物吸收利用。采用自制的室内物理模拟装置,通过控制土层结构,模拟了大气降水入渗补给条件下包气带中淡水透镜体的形成与消退过程,探讨了不同土壤类型中淡水透镜体的维持情况;并利用吸水管模拟客土上所种植物根系吸水,研究了不同吸水量条件下土壤中淡水透镜体的变化规律。结果表明:上层中砂、底层粉砂质黏土的双层土体结构中,淡水透镜体的维持性最好,在降水入渗补给条件下,透镜体形成时间在1500 min左右可达最大厚度(约15 cm),若补给源消失,透镜体完全消退需7500 min,能较长时间地阻隔地下咸水;双层土中模拟形成的稳定淡水透镜体在无补给条件下,能够隔离地下咸水的同时亦能为上层植物提供243.5 mL淡水资源。  相似文献   

川东南隔挡式构造区隧道空间展布影响下岩溶涌突水特征简析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

吴明亮  漆继红  许模  安成蛟  李潇  张世殊  王能峰 《中国岩溶》2016,35(2):190-196

隔挡式构造区隧道工程涌水特征研究多局限于某个具体隧道工程及对应的特定岩溶水系统,缺乏关于隧道空间展布影响下涌突水问题的系统研究。文章提出以隧道穿越区岩溶发育及岩溶水水平与垂直分带差异作为隧道空间布置类型划分的主要标准,将隧道空间展布区的岩溶水文地质特征分为七类,对不同类型中岩溶含水介质空间结构特征、岩溶发育差异以及岩溶水在此区域流动的特点进行分析,并对八种类型的隧道涌突水的特征进行比较。据此,结合研究区拟建渝万客专铜锣山隧道和明月山隧道案例,分析此两隧道展布区域的岩溶水文地质特征,分别属于补给-垂直入渗型类型及补给径流-水平径流型类型。进一步对此两隧道可能遭遇的岩溶涌突水进行定性评价和涌水量计算,认为铜锣山隧道主要出现雨季涌水现象,水量大小受降雨强度控制,而明月山隧道涌水量较大。   相似文献   

用小波-超限率分析提取宁陕台汶川地震体应变异常   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

邱泽华  唐磊  张宝红  宋茉 《地球物理学报》2012,55(2):538-546

姑咱台观测的汶川地震应变异常变得越来越显著.同时,在龙门山断裂带的另一端,原来不好判别的宁陕台钻孔体应变观测异常也逐渐清晰起来.利用小波分解和改进的超限率分析方法,可以将细微的地震异常变化精细地提取出来.一般地,小波分解得到的某个带通信号,可以分为正常背景和异常"坏点"两部分.通过对这两部分界线划分的研究,找到了客观、惟一确定超限率分析的阈值的方法.分析结果表明:沿整个汶川地震发震构造带,应变异常影响范围比我们以前知道的大很多;特别是,这种异常变化明显受固体潮影响,这对进一步揭示其机制提供了新的重要线索.  相似文献   

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杨仕平  范东明  龙玉春 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,33(1):48-52

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杨仕平  范东明  龙玉春 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,33(2):114-119

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